cmd/elf.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001 William L. Pitts
 * All rights reserved.
 */

#include <common.h>
#include <command.h>
#include <cpu_func.h>
#include <elf.h>
#include <env.h>
#include <image.h>
#include <net.h>
#include <vxworks.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_X86
#include <vbe.h>
#include <asm/e820.h>
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#endif

/*
 * A very simple ELF64 loader, assumes the image is valid, returns the
 * entry point address.
 *
 * Note if U-Boot is 32-bit, the loader assumes the to segment's
 * physical address and size is within the lower 32-bit address space.
 */
static unsigned long load_elf64_image_phdr(unsigned long addr)
{
	Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr; /* Elf header structure pointer */
	Elf64_Phdr *phdr; /* Program header structure pointer */
	int i;

	ehdr = (Elf64_Ehdr *)addr;
	phdr = (Elf64_Phdr *)(addr + (ulong)ehdr->e_phoff);

	/* Load each program header */
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_phnum; ++i) {
		void *dst = (void *)(ulong)phdr->p_paddr;
		void *src = (void *)addr + phdr->p_offset;

		debug("Loading phdr %i to 0x%p (%lu bytes)\n",
		      i, dst, (ulong)phdr->p_filesz);
		if (phdr->p_filesz)
			memcpy(dst, src, phdr->p_filesz);
		if (phdr->p_filesz != phdr->p_memsz)
			memset(dst + phdr->p_filesz, 0x00,
			       phdr->p_memsz - phdr->p_filesz);
		flush_cache(rounddown((unsigned long)dst, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN),
			    roundup(phdr->p_memsz, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN));
		++phdr;
	}

	if (ehdr->e_machine == EM_PPC64 && (ehdr->e_flags &
					    EF_PPC64_ELFV1_ABI)) {
		/*
		 * For the 64-bit PowerPC ELF V1 ABI, e_entry is a function
		 * descriptor pointer with the first double word being the
		 * address of the entry point of the function.
		 */
		uintptr_t addr = ehdr->e_entry;

		return *(Elf64_Addr *)addr;
	}

	return ehdr->e_entry;
}

static unsigned long load_elf64_image_shdr(unsigned long addr)
{
	Elf64_Ehdr *ehdr; /* Elf header structure pointer */
	Elf64_Shdr *shdr; /* Section header structure pointer */
	unsigned char *strtab = 0; /* String table pointer */
	unsigned char *image; /* Binary image pointer */
	int i; /* Loop counter */

	ehdr = (Elf64_Ehdr *)addr;

	/* Find the section header string table for output info */
	shdr = (Elf64_Shdr *)(addr + (ulong)ehdr->e_shoff +
			     (ehdr->e_shstrndx * sizeof(Elf64_Shdr)));

	if (shdr->sh_type == SHT_STRTAB)
		strtab = (unsigned char *)(addr + (ulong)shdr->sh_offset);

	/* Load each appropriate section */
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; ++i) {
		shdr = (Elf64_Shdr *)(addr + (ulong)ehdr->e_shoff +
				     (i * sizeof(Elf64_Shdr)));

		if (!(shdr->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) ||
		    shdr->sh_addr == 0 || shdr->sh_size == 0) {
			continue;
		}

		if (strtab) {
			debug("%sing %s @ 0x%08lx (%ld bytes)\n",
			      (shdr->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) ? "Clear" : "Load",
			       &strtab[shdr->sh_name],
			       (unsigned long)shdr->sh_addr,
			       (long)shdr->sh_size);
		}

		if (shdr->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) {
			memset((void *)(uintptr_t)shdr->sh_addr, 0,
			       shdr->sh_size);
		} else {
			image = (unsigned char *)addr + (ulong)shdr->sh_offset;
			memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)shdr->sh_addr,
			       (const void *)image, shdr->sh_size);
		}
		flush_cache(rounddown(shdr->sh_addr, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN),
			    roundup((shdr->sh_addr + shdr->sh_size),
				     ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN) -
			            rounddown(shdr->sh_addr, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN));
	}

	if (ehdr->e_machine == EM_PPC64 && (ehdr->e_flags &
					    EF_PPC64_ELFV1_ABI)) {
		/*
		 * For the 64-bit PowerPC ELF V1 ABI, e_entry is a function
		 * descriptor pointer with the first double word being the
		 * address of the entry point of the function.
		 */
		uintptr_t addr = ehdr->e_entry;

		return *(Elf64_Addr *)addr;
	}

	return ehdr->e_entry;
}

/*
 * A very simple ELF loader, assumes the image is valid, returns the
 * entry point address.
 *
 * The loader firstly reads the EFI class to see if it's a 64-bit image.
 * If yes, call the ELF64 loader. Otherwise continue with the ELF32 loader.
 */
static unsigned long load_elf_image_phdr(unsigned long addr)
{
	Elf32_Ehdr *ehdr; /* Elf header structure pointer */
	Elf32_Phdr *phdr; /* Program header structure pointer */
	int i;

	ehdr = (Elf32_Ehdr *)addr;
	if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64)
		return load_elf64_image_phdr(addr);

	phdr = (Elf32_Phdr *)(addr + ehdr->e_phoff);

	/* Load each program header */
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_phnum; ++i) {
		void *dst = (void *)(uintptr_t)phdr->p_paddr;
		void *src = (void *)addr + phdr->p_offset;

		debug("Loading phdr %i to 0x%p (%i bytes)\n",
		      i, dst, phdr->p_filesz);
		if (phdr->p_filesz)
			memcpy(dst, src, phdr->p_filesz);
		if (phdr->p_filesz != phdr->p_memsz)
			memset(dst + phdr->p_filesz, 0x00,
			       phdr->p_memsz - phdr->p_filesz);
		flush_cache(rounddown((unsigned long)dst, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN),
			    roundup(phdr->p_memsz, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN));
		++phdr;
	}

	return ehdr->e_entry;
}

static unsigned long load_elf_image_shdr(unsigned long addr)
{
	Elf32_Ehdr *ehdr; /* Elf header structure pointer */
	Elf32_Shdr *shdr; /* Section header structure pointer */
	unsigned char *strtab = 0; /* String table pointer */
	unsigned char *image; /* Binary image pointer */
	int i; /* Loop counter */

	ehdr = (Elf32_Ehdr *)addr;
	if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64)
		return load_elf64_image_shdr(addr);

	/* Find the section header string table for output info */
	shdr = (Elf32_Shdr *)(addr + ehdr->e_shoff +
			     (ehdr->e_shstrndx * sizeof(Elf32_Shdr)));

	if (shdr->sh_type == SHT_STRTAB)
		strtab = (unsigned char *)(addr + shdr->sh_offset);

	/* Load each appropriate section */
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_shnum; ++i) {
		shdr = (Elf32_Shdr *)(addr + ehdr->e_shoff +
				     (i * sizeof(Elf32_Shdr)));

		if (!(shdr->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) ||
		    shdr->sh_addr == 0 || shdr->sh_size == 0) {
			continue;
		}

		if (strtab) {
			debug("%sing %s @ 0x%08lx (%ld bytes)\n",
			      (shdr->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) ? "Clear" : "Load",
			       &strtab[shdr->sh_name],
			       (unsigned long)shdr->sh_addr,
			       (long)shdr->sh_size);
		}

		if (shdr->sh_type == SHT_NOBITS) {
			memset((void *)(uintptr_t)shdr->sh_addr, 0,
			       shdr->sh_size);
		} else {
			image = (unsigned char *)addr + shdr->sh_offset;
			memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)shdr->sh_addr,
			       (const void *)image, shdr->sh_size);
		}
		flush_cache(rounddown(shdr->sh_addr, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN),
			    roundup((shdr->sh_addr + shdr->sh_size),
				    ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN) -
			    rounddown(shdr->sh_addr, ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN));
	}

	return ehdr->e_entry;
}

/* Allow ports to override the default behavior */
static unsigned long do_bootelf_exec(ulong (*entry)(int, char * const[]),
				     int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	unsigned long ret;

	/*
	 * pass address parameter as argv[0] (aka command name),
	 * and all remaining args
	 */
	ret = entry(argc, argv);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * Determine if a valid ELF image exists at the given memory location.
 * First look at the ELF header magic field, then make sure that it is
 * executable.
 */
int valid_elf_image(unsigned long addr)
{
	Elf32_Ehdr *ehdr; /* Elf header structure pointer */

	ehdr = (Elf32_Ehdr *)addr;

	if (!IS_ELF(*ehdr)) {
		printf("## No elf image at address 0x%08lx\n", addr);
		return 0;
	}

	if (ehdr->e_type != ET_EXEC) {
		printf("## Not a 32-bit elf image at address 0x%08lx\n", addr);
		return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}

/* Interpreter command to boot an arbitrary ELF image from memory */
int do_bootelf(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	unsigned long addr; /* Address of the ELF image */
	unsigned long rc; /* Return value from user code */
	char *sload = NULL;
	const char *ep = env_get("autostart");
	int rcode = 0;

	/* Consume 'bootelf' */
	argc--; argv++;

	/* Check for flag. */
	if (argc >= 1 && (argv[0][0] == '-' && \
				(argv[0][1] == 'p' || argv[0][1] == 's'))) {
		sload = argv[0];
		/* Consume flag. */
		argc--; argv++;
	}
	/* Check for address. */
	if (argc >= 1 && strict_strtoul(argv[0], 16, &addr) != -EINVAL) {
		/* Consume address */
		argc--; argv++;
	} else
		addr = image_load_addr;

	if (!valid_elf_image(addr))
		return 1;

	if (sload && sload[1] == 'p')
		addr = load_elf_image_phdr(addr);
	else
		addr = load_elf_image_shdr(addr);

	if (ep && !strcmp(ep, "no"))
		return rcode;

	printf("## Starting application at 0x%08lx ...\n", addr);

	/*
	 * pass address parameter as argv[0] (aka command name),
	 * and all remaining args
	 */
	rc = do_bootelf_exec((void *)addr, argc, argv);
	if (rc != 0)
		rcode = 1;

	printf("## Application terminated, rc = 0x%lx\n", rc);

	return rcode;
}

/*
 * Interpreter command to boot VxWorks from a memory image.  The image can
 * be either an ELF image or a raw binary.  Will attempt to setup the
 * bootline and other parameters correctly.
 */
int do_bootvx(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	unsigned long addr; /* Address of image */
	unsigned long bootaddr = 0; /* Address to put the bootline */
	char *bootline; /* Text of the bootline */
	char *tmp; /* Temporary char pointer */
	char build_buf[128]; /* Buffer for building the bootline */
	int ptr = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86
	ulong base;
	struct e820_info *info;
	struct e820_entry *data;
	struct efi_gop_info *gop;
	struct vesa_mode_info *vesa = &mode_info.vesa;
#endif

	/*
	 * Check the loadaddr variable.
	 * If we don't know where the image is then we're done.
	 */
	if (argc < 2)
		addr = image_load_addr;
	else
		addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NET)
	/*
	 * Check to see if we need to tftp the image ourselves
	 * before starting
	 */
	if ((argc == 2) && (strcmp(argv[1], "tftp") == 0)) {
		if (net_loop(TFTPGET) <= 0)
			return 1;
		printf("Automatic boot of VxWorks image at address 0x%08lx ...\n",
			addr);
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * This should equate to
	 * NV_RAM_ADRS + NV_BOOT_OFFSET + NV_ENET_OFFSET
	 * from the VxWorks BSP header files.
	 * This will vary from board to board
	 */
#if defined(CONFIG_SYS_VXWORKS_MAC_PTR)
	tmp = (char *)CONFIG_SYS_VXWORKS_MAC_PTR;
	eth_env_get_enetaddr("ethaddr", (uchar *)build_buf);
	memcpy(tmp, build_buf, 6);
#else
	puts("## Ethernet MAC address not copied to NV RAM\n");
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_X86
	/*
	 * Get VxWorks's physical memory base address from environment,
	 * if we don't specify it in the environment, use a default one.
	 */
	base = env_get_hex("vx_phys_mem_base", VXWORKS_PHYS_MEM_BASE);
	data = (struct e820_entry *)(base + E820_DATA_OFFSET);
	info = (struct e820_info *)(base + E820_INFO_OFFSET);

	memset(info, 0, sizeof(struct e820_info));
	info->sign = E820_SIGNATURE;
	info->entries = install_e820_map(E820MAX, data);
	info->addr = (info->entries - 1) * sizeof(struct e820_entry) +
		     E820_DATA_OFFSET;

	/*
	 * Explicitly clear the bootloader image size otherwise if memory
	 * at this offset happens to contain some garbage data, the final
	 * available memory size for the kernel is insane.
	 */
	*(u32 *)(base + BOOT_IMAGE_SIZE_OFFSET) = 0;

	/*
	 * Prepare compatible framebuffer information block.
	 * The VESA mode has to be 32-bit RGBA.
	 */
	if (vesa->x_resolution && vesa->y_resolution) {
		gop = (struct efi_gop_info *)(base + EFI_GOP_INFO_OFFSET);
		gop->magic = EFI_GOP_INFO_MAGIC;
		gop->info.version = 0;
		gop->info.width = vesa->x_resolution;
		gop->info.height = vesa->y_resolution;
		gop->info.pixel_format = EFI_GOT_RGBA8;
		gop->info.pixels_per_scanline = vesa->bytes_per_scanline / 4;
		gop->fb_base = vesa->phys_base_ptr;
		gop->fb_size = vesa->bytes_per_scanline * vesa->y_resolution;
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * Use bootaddr to find the location in memory that VxWorks
	 * will look for the bootline string. The default value is
	 * (LOCAL_MEM_LOCAL_ADRS + BOOT_LINE_OFFSET) as defined by
	 * VxWorks BSP. For example, on PowerPC it defaults to 0x4200.
	 */
	tmp = env_get("bootaddr");
	if (!tmp) {
#ifdef CONFIG_X86
		bootaddr = base + X86_BOOT_LINE_OFFSET;
#else
		printf("## VxWorks bootline address not specified\n");
		return 1;
#endif
	}

	if (!bootaddr)
		bootaddr = simple_strtoul(tmp, NULL, 16);

	/*
	 * Check to see if the bootline is defined in the 'bootargs' parameter.
	 * If it is not defined, we may be able to construct the info.
	 */
	bootline = env_get("bootargs");
	if (!bootline) {
		tmp = env_get("bootdev");
		if (tmp) {
			strcpy(build_buf, tmp);
			ptr = strlen(tmp);
		} else {
			printf("## VxWorks boot device not specified\n");
		}

		tmp = env_get("bootfile");
		if (tmp)
			ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr, "host:%s ", tmp);
		else
			ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr, "host:vxWorks ");

		/*
		 * The following parameters are only needed if 'bootdev'
		 * is an ethernet device, otherwise they are optional.
		 */
		tmp = env_get("ipaddr");
		if (tmp) {
			ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr, "e=%s", tmp);
			tmp = env_get("netmask");
			if (tmp) {
				u32 mask = env_get_ip("netmask").s_addr;
				ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr,
					       ":%08x ", ntohl(mask));
			} else {
				ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr, " ");
			}
		}

		tmp = env_get("serverip");
		if (tmp)
			ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr, "h=%s ", tmp);

		tmp = env_get("gatewayip");
		if (tmp)
			ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr, "g=%s ", tmp);

		tmp = env_get("hostname");
		if (tmp)
			ptr += sprintf(build_buf + ptr, "tn=%s ", tmp);

		tmp = env_get("othbootargs");
		if (tmp) {
			strcpy(build_buf + ptr, tmp);
			ptr += strlen(tmp);
		}

		bootline = build_buf;
	}

	memcpy((void *)bootaddr, bootline, max(strlen(bootline), (size_t)255));
	flush_cache(bootaddr, max(strlen(bootline), (size_t)255));
	printf("## Using bootline (@ 0x%lx): %s\n", bootaddr, (char *)bootaddr);

	/*
	 * If the data at the load address is an elf image, then
	 * treat it like an elf image. Otherwise, assume that it is a
	 * binary image.
	 */
	if (valid_elf_image(addr))
		addr = load_elf_image_phdr(addr);
	else
		puts("## Not an ELF image, assuming binary\n");

	printf("## Starting vxWorks at 0x%08lx ...\n", addr);

	dcache_disable();
#if defined(CONFIG_ARM64) && defined(CONFIG_ARMV8_PSCI)
	armv8_setup_psci();
	smp_kick_all_cpus();
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_X86
	/* VxWorks on x86 uses stack to pass parameters */
	((asmlinkage void (*)(int))addr)(0);
#else
	((void (*)(int))addr)(0);
#endif

	puts("## vxWorks terminated\n");

	return 1;
}

U_BOOT_CMD(
	bootelf, CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS, 0, do_bootelf,
	"Boot from an ELF image in memory",
	"[-p|-s] [address]\n"
	"\t- load ELF image at [address] via program headers (-p)\n"
	"\t  or via section headers (-s)"
);

U_BOOT_CMD(
	bootvx, 2, 0, do_bootvx,
	"Boot vxWorks from an ELF image",
	" [address] - load address of vxWorks ELF image."
);