drivers/mtd/nand/bfin_nand.c

/*
 * Driver for Blackfin on-chip NAND controller.
 *
 * Enter bugs at http://blackfin.uclinux.org/
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2008 Analog Devices Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the GPL-2 or later.
 */

/* TODO:
 * - move bit defines into mach-common/bits/nand.h
 * - try and replace all IRQSTAT usage with STAT polling
 * - have software ecc mode use same algo as hw ecc ?
 */

#include <common.h>
#include <console.h>
#include <asm/io.h>

#ifdef DEBUG
# define pr_stamp() printf("%s:%s:%i: here i am\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__)
#else
# define pr_stamp()
#endif

#include <nand.h>

#include <asm/blackfin.h>
#include <asm/portmux.h>

/* Bit masks for NFC_CTL */

#define                    WR_DLY  0xf        /* Write Strobe Delay */
#define                    RD_DLY  0xf0       /* Read Strobe Delay */
#define                    NWIDTH  0x100      /* NAND Data Width */
#define                   PG_SIZE  0x200      /* Page Size */

/* Bit masks for NFC_STAT */

#define                     NBUSY  0x1        /* Not Busy */
#define                   WB_FULL  0x2        /* Write Buffer Full */
#define                PG_WR_STAT  0x4        /* Page Write Pending */
#define                PG_RD_STAT  0x8        /* Page Read Pending */
#define                  WB_EMPTY  0x10       /* Write Buffer Empty */

/* Bit masks for NFC_IRQSTAT */

#define                  NBUSYIRQ  0x1        /* Not Busy IRQ */
#define                    WB_OVF  0x2        /* Write Buffer Overflow */
#define                   WB_EDGE  0x4        /* Write Buffer Edge Detect */
#define                    RD_RDY  0x8        /* Read Data Ready */
#define                   WR_DONE  0x10       /* Page Write Done */

#define NAND_IS_512() (CONFIG_BFIN_NFC_CTL_VAL & 0x200)

/*
 * hardware specific access to control-lines
 */
static void bfin_nfc_cmd_ctrl(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd, unsigned int ctrl)
{
	pr_stamp();

	if (cmd == NAND_CMD_NONE)
		return;

	while (bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & WB_FULL)
		continue;

	if (ctrl & NAND_CLE)
		bfin_write_NFC_CMD(cmd);
	else
		bfin_write_NFC_ADDR(cmd);
	SSYNC();
}

static int bfin_nfc_devready(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
	pr_stamp();
	return (bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & NBUSY) ? 1 : 0;
}

/*
 * PIO mode for buffer writing and reading
 */
static void bfin_nfc_read_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint8_t *buf, int len)
{
	pr_stamp();

	int i;

	/*
	 * Data reads are requested by first writing to NFC_DATA_RD
	* and then reading back from NFC_READ.
	*/
	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
		while (bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & WB_FULL)
			if (ctrlc())
				return;

		/* Contents do not matter */
		bfin_write_NFC_DATA_RD(0x0000);
		SSYNC();

		while (!(bfin_read_NFC_IRQSTAT() & RD_RDY))
			if (ctrlc())
				return;

		buf[i] = bfin_read_NFC_READ();

		bfin_write_NFC_IRQSTAT(RD_RDY);
	}
}

static uint8_t bfin_nfc_read_byte(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
	pr_stamp();

	uint8_t val;
	bfin_nfc_read_buf(mtd, &val, 1);
	return val;
}

static void bfin_nfc_write_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, const uint8_t *buf, int len)
{
	pr_stamp();

	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
		while (bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & WB_FULL)
			if (ctrlc())
				return;

		bfin_write_NFC_DATA_WR(buf[i]);
	}

	/* Wait for the buffer to drain before we return */
	while (!(bfin_read_NFC_STAT() & WB_EMPTY))
		if (ctrlc())
			return;
}

/*
 * ECC functions
 * These allow the bfin to use the controller's ECC
 * generator block to ECC the data as it passes through
 */

/*
 * ECC error correction function
 */
static int bfin_nfc_correct_data_256(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat,
					u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
{
	u32 syndrome[5];
	u32 calced, stored;
	unsigned short failing_bit, failing_byte;
	u_char data;

	pr_stamp();

	calced = calc_ecc[0] | (calc_ecc[1] << 8) | (calc_ecc[2] << 16);
	stored = read_ecc[0] | (read_ecc[1] << 8) | (read_ecc[2] << 16);

	syndrome[0] = (calced ^ stored);

	/*
	 * syndrome 0: all zero
	 * No error in data
	 * No action
	 */
	if (!syndrome[0] || !calced || !stored)
		return 0;

	/*
	 * sysdrome 0: only one bit is one
	 * ECC data was incorrect
	 * No action
	 */
	if (hweight32(syndrome[0]) == 1)
		return 1;

	syndrome[1] = (calced & 0x7FF) ^ (stored & 0x7FF);
	syndrome[2] = (calced & 0x7FF) ^ ((calced >> 11) & 0x7FF);
	syndrome[3] = (stored & 0x7FF) ^ ((stored >> 11) & 0x7FF);
	syndrome[4] = syndrome[2] ^ syndrome[3];

	/*
	 * sysdrome 0: exactly 11 bits are one, each parity
	 * and parity' pair is 1 & 0 or 0 & 1.
	 * 1-bit correctable error
	 * Correct the error
	 */
	if (hweight32(syndrome[0]) == 11 && syndrome[4] == 0x7FF) {
		failing_bit = syndrome[1] & 0x7;
		failing_byte = syndrome[1] >> 0x3;
		data = *(dat + failing_byte);
		data = data ^ (0x1 << failing_bit);
		*(dat + failing_byte) = data;

		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * sysdrome 0: random data
	 * More than 1-bit error, non-correctable error
	 * Discard data, mark bad block
	 */

	return 1;
}

static int bfin_nfc_correct_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat,
					u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
{
	int ret;

	pr_stamp();

	ret = bfin_nfc_correct_data_256(mtd, dat, read_ecc, calc_ecc);

	/* If page size is 512, correct second 256 bytes */
	if (NAND_IS_512()) {
		dat += 256;
		read_ecc += 8;
		calc_ecc += 8;
		ret |= bfin_nfc_correct_data_256(mtd, dat, read_ecc, calc_ecc);
	}

	return ret;
}

static void reset_ecc(void)
{
	bfin_write_NFC_RST(0x1);
	while (bfin_read_NFC_RST() & 1)
		continue;
}

static void bfin_nfc_enable_hwecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode)
{
	reset_ecc();
}

static int bfin_nfc_calculate_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd,
		const u_char *dat, u_char *ecc_code)
{
	u16 ecc0, ecc1;
	u32 code[2];
	u8 *p;

	pr_stamp();

	/* first 4 bytes ECC code for 256 page size */
	ecc0 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC0();
	ecc1 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC1();

	code[0] = (ecc0 & 0x7FF) | ((ecc1 & 0x7FF) << 11);

	/* first 3 bytes in ecc_code for 256 page size */
	p = (u8 *) code;
	memcpy(ecc_code, p, 3);

	/* second 4 bytes ECC code for 512 page size */
	if (NAND_IS_512()) {
		ecc0 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC2();
		ecc1 = bfin_read_NFC_ECC3();
		code[1] = (ecc0 & 0x7FF) | ((ecc1 & 0x7FF) << 11);

		/* second 3 bytes in ecc_code for second 256
		 * bytes of 512 page size
		 */
		p = (u8 *) (code + 1);
		memcpy((ecc_code + 3), p, 3);
	}

	reset_ecc();

	return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_BFIN_NFC_BOOTROM_ECC
# define BOOTROM_ECC 1
#else
# define BOOTROM_ECC 0
#endif

static uint8_t bbt_pattern[] = { 0xff };

static struct nand_bbt_descr bootrom_bbt = {
	.options = 0,
	.offs = 63,
	.len = 1,
	.pattern = bbt_pattern,
};

static struct nand_ecclayout bootrom_ecclayout = {
	.eccbytes = 24,
	.eccpos = {
		0x8 * 0, 0x8 * 0 + 1, 0x8 * 0 + 2,
		0x8 * 1, 0x8 * 1 + 1, 0x8 * 1 + 2,
		0x8 * 2, 0x8 * 2 + 1, 0x8 * 2 + 2,
		0x8 * 3, 0x8 * 3 + 1, 0x8 * 3 + 2,
		0x8 * 4, 0x8 * 4 + 1, 0x8 * 4 + 2,
		0x8 * 5, 0x8 * 5 + 1, 0x8 * 5 + 2,
		0x8 * 6, 0x8 * 6 + 1, 0x8 * 6 + 2,
		0x8 * 7, 0x8 * 7 + 1, 0x8 * 7 + 2
	},
	.oobfree = {
		{ 0x8 * 0 + 3, 5 },
		{ 0x8 * 1 + 3, 5 },
		{ 0x8 * 2 + 3, 5 },
		{ 0x8 * 3 + 3, 5 },
		{ 0x8 * 4 + 3, 5 },
		{ 0x8 * 5 + 3, 5 },
		{ 0x8 * 6 + 3, 5 },
		{ 0x8 * 7 + 3, 5 },
	}
};

/*
 * Board-specific NAND initialization. The following members of the
 * argument are board-specific (per include/linux/mtd/nand.h):
 * - IO_ADDR_R?: address to read the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
 * - IO_ADDR_W?: address to write the 8 I/O lines of the flash device
 * - cmd_ctrl: hardwarespecific function for accesing control-lines
 * - dev_ready: hardwarespecific function for  accesing device ready/busy line
 * - enable_hwecc?: function to enable (reset)  hardware ecc generator. Must
 *   only be provided if a hardware ECC is available
 * - ecc.mode: mode of ecc, see defines
 * - chip_delay: chip dependent delay for transfering data from array to
 *   read regs (tR)
 * - options: various chip options. They can partly be set to inform
 *   nand_scan about special functionality. See the defines for further
 *   explanation
 * Members with a "?" were not set in the merged testing-NAND branch,
 * so they are not set here either.
 */
int board_nand_init(struct nand_chip *chip)
{
	const unsigned short pins[] = {
		P_NAND_CE, P_NAND_RB, P_NAND_D0, P_NAND_D1, P_NAND_D2,
		P_NAND_D3, P_NAND_D4, P_NAND_D5, P_NAND_D6, P_NAND_D7,
		P_NAND_WE, P_NAND_RE, P_NAND_CLE, P_NAND_ALE, 0,
	};

	pr_stamp();

	/* set width/ecc/timings/etc... */
	bfin_write_NFC_CTL(CONFIG_BFIN_NFC_CTL_VAL);

	/* clear interrupt status */
	bfin_write_NFC_IRQMASK(0x0);
	bfin_write_NFC_IRQSTAT(0xffff);

	/* enable GPIO function enable register */
	peripheral_request_list(pins, "bfin_nand");

	chip->cmd_ctrl = bfin_nfc_cmd_ctrl;
	chip->read_buf = bfin_nfc_read_buf;
	chip->write_buf = bfin_nfc_write_buf;
	chip->read_byte = bfin_nfc_read_byte;

#ifdef CONFIG_BFIN_NFC_NO_HW_ECC
# define ECC_HW 0
#else
# define ECC_HW 1
#endif
	if (ECC_HW) {
		if (BOOTROM_ECC) {
			chip->badblock_pattern = &bootrom_bbt;
			chip->ecc.layout = &bootrom_ecclayout;
		}
		if (!NAND_IS_512()) {
			chip->ecc.bytes = 3;
			chip->ecc.size = 256;
			chip->ecc.strength = 1;
		} else {
			chip->ecc.bytes = 6;
			chip->ecc.size = 512;
			chip->ecc.strength = 2;
		}
		chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_HW;
		chip->ecc.calculate = bfin_nfc_calculate_ecc;
		chip->ecc.correct   = bfin_nfc_correct_data;
		chip->ecc.hwctl     = bfin_nfc_enable_hwecc;
	} else
		chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT;
	chip->dev_ready = bfin_nfc_devready;
	chip->chip_delay = 0;

	return 0;
}