DOC: assorted typo fixes in the documentation

This is the third round of cleanups in various docs
diff --git a/BRANCHES b/BRANCHES
index 521c0ee..6cb275c 100644
--- a/BRANCHES
+++ b/BRANCHES
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
          `---+---+---+-----+-------+-----------+---------------+------> 1.8 LTS
 
 In short the non-LTS odd releases can be seen as technological previews of the
-next feature release, and will be terminated much ealier. The plan is to barely
+next feature release, and will be terminated much earlier. The plan is to barely
 let them overlap with the next non-LTS release, allowing advanced users to
 always have the choice between the last two major releases.