[PATCH] Add AMCC PPC405EZ support
This patch adds support for the new AMCC 405EZ PPC. It is in
preparation for the AMCC Acadia board support.
Please note that this Acadia/405EZ support is still in a beta stage.
Still lot's of cleanup needed but we need a preliminary release now.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/4xx_enet.c b/cpu/ppc4xx/4xx_enet.c
index 4f55583..cf56581 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/4xx_enet.c
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/4xx_enet.c
@@ -1333,6 +1333,9 @@
}
}
mtdcr (uicsr, MAL_UIC_DEF|EMAC_UIC_DEF|EMAC_UIC_DEF1); /* Clear */
+#if defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
+ mtsdr (sdricintstat, SDR_ICRX_STAT | SDR_ICTX0_STAT | SDR_ICTX1_STAT);
+#endif /* defined(CONFIG_405EZ) */
}
while (serviced);
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu.c b/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu.c
index b02f6f4..2d8740c 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu.c
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu.c
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@
#if defined(CONFIG_440)
#define FREQ_EBC (sys_info.freqEPB)
+#elif defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
+#define FREQ_EBC ((CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * sys_info.pllFbkDiv) / \
+ sys_info.pllExtBusDiv)
#else
#define FREQ_EBC (sys_info.freqPLB / sys_info.pllExtBusDiv)
#endif
@@ -209,7 +212,8 @@
puts("AMCC PowerPC 4");
-#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || defined(CONFIG_405EP)
+#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
puts("05");
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_440)
@@ -257,6 +261,10 @@
puts("EP Rev. B");
break;
+ case PVR_405EZ_RA:
+ puts("EZ Rev. A");
+ break;
+
#if defined(CONFIG_440)
case PVR_440GP_RB:
puts("GP Rev. B");
@@ -386,9 +394,9 @@
}
printf (" at %s MHz (PLB=%lu, OPB=%lu, EBC=%lu MHz)\n", strmhz(buf, clock),
- sys_info.freqPLB / 1000000,
- sys_info.freqPLB / sys_info.pllOpbDiv / 1000000,
- FREQ_EBC / 1000000);
+ sys_info.freqPLB / 1000000,
+ get_OPB_freq() / 1000000,
+ FREQ_EBC / 1000000);
if (addstr[0] != 0)
printf(" %s\n", addstr);
@@ -418,7 +426,7 @@
putc('\n');
#endif
-#if defined(CONFIG_405EP)
+#if defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
printf (" 16 kB I-Cache 16 kB D-Cache");
#elif defined(CONFIG_440)
printf (" 32 kB I-Cache 32 kB D-Cache");
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu_init.c b/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu_init.c
index 82ae443..9d1cd13 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu_init.c
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/cpu_init.c
@@ -256,7 +256,8 @@
*/
#if (defined(CFG_EBC_PB0AP) && defined(CFG_EBC_PB0CR))
#if (defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || \
- defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405))
+ defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_405))
/*
* Move the next instructions into icache, since these modify the flash
* we are running from!
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/serial.c b/cpu/ppc4xx/serial.c
index fab0d95..e62dd9d 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/serial.c
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/serial.c
@@ -264,7 +264,8 @@
#endif /* CONFIG_IOP480 */
/*****************************************************************************/
-#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || defined(CONFIG_405EP) || \
+#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ) || \
defined(CONFIG_440)
#if defined(CONFIG_440)
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@
#define MFREG(a, d) mfsdr(a, d)
#define MTREG(a, d) mtsdr(a, d)
#endif /* #if defined(CONFIG_440GP) */
-#elif defined(CONFIG_405EP)
+#elif defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
#define UART0_BASE 0xef600300
#define UART1_BASE 0xef600400
#define UCR0_MASK 0x0000007f
@@ -392,47 +393,95 @@
#if defined(CONFIG_440) && !defined(CFG_EXT_SERIAL_CLOCK)
static void serial_divs (int baudrate, unsigned long *pudiv,
- unsigned short *pbdiv )
+ unsigned short *pbdiv)
{
- sys_info_t sysinfo;
+ sys_info_t sysinfo;
unsigned long div; /* total divisor udiv * bdiv */
unsigned long umin; /* minimum udiv */
- unsigned short diff; /* smallest diff */
- unsigned long udiv; /* best udiv */
-
- unsigned short idiff; /* current diff */
- unsigned short ibdiv; /* current bdiv */
+ unsigned short diff; /* smallest diff */
+ unsigned long udiv; /* best udiv */
+ unsigned short idiff; /* current diff */
+ unsigned short ibdiv; /* current bdiv */
unsigned long i;
- unsigned long est; /* current estimate */
+ unsigned long est; /* current estimate */
- get_sys_info( &sysinfo );
+ get_sys_info(&sysinfo);
- udiv = 32; /* Assume lowest possible serial clk */
- div = sysinfo.freqPLB/(16*baudrate); /* total divisor */
- umin = sysinfo.pllOpbDiv<<1; /* 2 x OPB divisor */
- diff = 32; /* highest possible */
+ udiv = 32; /* Assume lowest possible serial clk */
+ div = sysinfo.freqPLB / (16 * baudrate); /* total divisor */
+ umin = sysinfo.pllOpbDiv << 1; /* 2 x OPB divisor */
+ diff = 32; /* highest possible */
/* i is the test udiv value -- start with the largest
* possible (32) to minimize serial clock and constrain
* search to umin.
*/
- for( i = 32; i > umin; i-- ){
- ibdiv = div/i;
+ for (i = 32; i > umin; i--) {
+ ibdiv = div / i;
est = i * ibdiv;
idiff = (est > div) ? (est-div) : (div-est);
- if( idiff == 0 ){
+ if (idiff == 0) {
udiv = i;
break; /* can't do better */
- }
- else if( idiff < diff ){
+ } else if (idiff < diff) {
udiv = i; /* best so far */
diff = idiff; /* update lowest diff*/
}
}
*pudiv = udiv;
- *pbdiv = div/udiv;
+ *pbdiv = div / udiv;
+}
+
+#elif defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
+
+static void serial_divs (int baudrate, unsigned long *pudiv,
+ unsigned short *pbdiv)
+{
+ sys_info_t sysinfo;
+ unsigned long div; /* total divisor udiv * bdiv */
+ unsigned long umin; /* minimum udiv */
+ unsigned short diff; /* smallest diff */
+ unsigned long udiv; /* best udiv */
+ unsigned short idiff; /* current diff */
+ unsigned short ibdiv; /* current bdiv */
+ unsigned long i;
+ unsigned long est; /* current estimate */
+ unsigned long plloutb;
+ u32 reg;
+
+ get_sys_info(&sysinfo);
+ plloutb = ((CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * sysinfo.pllFwdDiv * sysinfo.pllFbkDiv)
+ / sysinfo.pllFwdDivB);
+ udiv = 256; /* Assume lowest possible serial clk */
+ div = plloutb / (16 * baudrate); /* total divisor */
+ umin = (plloutb / get_OPB_freq()) << 1; /* 2 x OPB divisor */
+ diff = 256; /* highest possible */
+
+ /* i is the test udiv value -- start with the largest
+ * possible (256) to minimize serial clock and constrain
+ * search to umin.
+ */
+ for (i = 256; i > umin; i--) {
+ ibdiv = div / i;
+ est = i * ibdiv;
+ idiff = (est > div) ? (est-div) : (div-est);
+ if (idiff == 0) {
+ udiv = i;
+ break; /* can't do better */
+ } else if (idiff < diff) {
+ udiv = i; /* best so far */
+ diff = idiff; /* update lowest diff*/
+ }
+ }
+
+ *pudiv = udiv;
+ mfcpr(cprperd0, reg);
+ reg &= ~0x0000ffff;
+ reg |= ((udiv - 0) << 8) | (udiv - 0);
+ mtcpr(cprperd0, reg);
+ *pbdiv = div / udiv;
}
#endif /* defined(CONFIG_440) && !defined(CFG_EXT_SERIAL_CLK) */
@@ -518,6 +567,10 @@
unsigned short bdiv;
volatile char val;
+#if defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
+ serial_divs(gd->baudrate, &udiv, &bdiv);
+ clk = tmp = reg = 0;
+#else
#ifdef CONFIG_405EP
reg = mfdcr(cpc0_ucr) & ~(UCR0_MASK | UCR1_MASK);
clk = gd->cpu_clk;
@@ -548,9 +601,9 @@
reg |= (udiv - 1) << CR0_UDIV_POS; /* set the UART divisor */
mtdcr (cntrl0, reg);
#endif /* CONFIG_405EP */
-
tmp = gd->baudrate * udiv * 16;
bdiv = (clk + tmp / 2) / tmp;
+#endif /* CONFIG_405EZ */
out8(UART_BASE + UART_LCR, 0x80); /* set DLAB bit */
out8(UART_BASE + UART_DLL, bdiv); /* set baudrate divisor */
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/speed.c b/cpu/ppc4xx/speed.c
index 06220c3..028b11a 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/speed.c
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/speed.c
@@ -767,11 +767,119 @@
return val;
}
+#elif defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
+void get_sys_info (PPC405_SYS_INFO * sysInfo)
+{
+ unsigned long cpr_plld;
+ unsigned long cpr_primad;
+ unsigned long sysClkPeriodPs = ONE_BILLION / (CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ/1000);
+ unsigned long primad_cpudv;
+ unsigned long m;
+
+ /*
+ * Read PLL Mode registers
+ */
+ mfcpr(cprplld, cpr_plld);
+
+ /*
+ * Determine forward divider A
+ */
+ sysInfo->pllFwdDiv = ((cpr_plld & PLLD_FWDVA_MASK) >> 16);
+
+ /*
+ * Determine forward divider B (should be equal to A)
+ */
+ sysInfo->pllFwdDivB = ((cpr_plld & PLLD_FWDVB_MASK) >> 8);
+ if (sysInfo->pllFwdDivB == 0) {
+ sysInfo->pllFwdDivB = 8;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Determine FBK_DIV.
+ */
+ sysInfo->pllFbkDiv = ((cpr_plld & PLLD_FBDV_MASK) >> 24);
+ if (sysInfo->pllFbkDiv == 0) {
+ sysInfo->pllFbkDiv = 256;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Read CPR_PRIMAD register
+ */
+ mfcpr(cprprimad, cpr_primad);
+ /*
+ * Determine PLB_DIV.
+ */
+ sysInfo->pllPlbDiv = ((cpr_primad & PRIMAD_PLBDV_MASK) >> 16);
+ if (sysInfo->pllPlbDiv == 0) {
+ sysInfo->pllPlbDiv = 16;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Determine EXTBUS_DIV.
+ */
+ sysInfo->pllExtBusDiv = (cpr_primad & PRIMAD_EBCDV_MASK);
+ if (sysInfo->pllExtBusDiv == 0) {
+ sysInfo->pllExtBusDiv = 16;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Determine OPB_DIV.
+ */
+ sysInfo->pllOpbDiv = ((cpr_primad & PRIMAD_OPBDV_MASK) >> 8);
+ if (sysInfo->pllOpbDiv == 0) {
+ sysInfo->pllOpbDiv = 16;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Determine the M factor
+ */
+ m = sysInfo->pllFbkDiv * sysInfo->pllFwdDivB;
+
+ /*
+ * Determine VCO clock frequency
+ */
+ sysInfo->freqVCOHz = (1000000000000LL * (unsigned long long)m) /
+ (unsigned long long)sysClkPeriodPs;
+
+ /*
+ * Determine CPU clock frequency
+ */
+ primad_cpudv = ((cpr_primad & PRIMAD_CPUDV_MASK) >> 24);
+ if (primad_cpudv == 0) {
+ primad_cpudv = 16;
+ }
+
+ sysInfo->freqProcessor = (CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * sysInfo->pllFbkDiv) / primad_cpudv;
+
+ /*
+ * Determine PLB clock frequency
+ */
+ sysInfo->freqPLB = (CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * sysInfo->pllFbkDiv) / sysInfo->pllPlbDiv;
+}
+
+/********************************************
+ * get_OPB_freq
+ * return OPB bus freq in Hz
+ *********************************************/
+ulong get_OPB_freq (void)
+{
+ ulong val = 0;
+
+ PPC405_SYS_INFO sys_info;
+
+ get_sys_info (&sys_info);
+ val = (CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * sys_info.pllFbkDiv) / sys_info.pllOpbDiv;
+
+ return val;
+}
+
#endif
int get_clocks (void)
{
-#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || defined(CONFIG_440) || defined(CONFIG_405) || defined(CONFIG_405EP)
+#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_440) || defined(CONFIG_405)
sys_info_t sys_info;
get_sys_info (&sys_info);
@@ -796,7 +904,9 @@
{
ulong val;
-#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || defined(CONFIG_405) || defined(CONFIG_440) || defined(CONFIG_405EP)
+#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_440) || defined(CONFIG_405)
sys_info_t sys_info;
get_sys_info (&sys_info);
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/start.S b/cpu/ppc4xx/start.S
index 24b30df..a50d66e 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/start.S
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/start.S
@@ -699,7 +699,9 @@
#endif /* CONFIG_IOP480 */
/*****************************************************************************/
-#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || defined(CONFIG_405) || defined(CONFIG_405EP)
+#if defined(CONFIG_405GP) || defined(CONFIG_405CR) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_405EP) || defined(CONFIG_405EZ) || \
+ defined(CONFIG_405)
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Clear and set up some registers. */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -727,13 +729,13 @@
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Enable two 128MB cachable regions. */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
- addis r4,r0,0x8000
- addi r4,r4,0x0001
+ lis r4,0x8000
+ ori r4,r4,0x0001
mticcr r4 /* instruction cache */
isync
- addis r4,r0,0x0000
- addi r4,r4,0x0000
+ lis r4,0x0000
+ ori r4,r4,0x0000
mtdccr r4 /* data cache */
#if !(defined(CFG_EBC_PB0AP) && defined(CFG_EBC_PB0CR))
@@ -755,6 +757,70 @@
#endif /* CONFIG_405EP */
#if defined(CFG_OCM_DATA_ADDR) && defined(CFG_OCM_DATA_SIZE)
+/* test-only... (clean up later when NAND booting is supported) */
+#if defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
+ /********************************************************************
+ * Setup OCM - On Chip Memory - PPC405EZ uses OCM Controller V2
+ *******************************************************************/
+ /*
+ * We can map the OCM on the PLB3, so map it at
+ * CFG_OCM_DATA_ADDR + 0x8000
+ */
+ lis r3,CFG_OCM_DATA_ADDR@h /* OCM location */
+ ori r3,r3,CFG_OCM_DATA_ADDR@l
+ ori r3,r3,0x8270 /* 32K Offset, 16K for Bank 1, R/W/Enable */
+ mtdcr ocmplb3cr1,r3 /* Set PLB Access */
+ ori r3,r3,0x4000 /* Add 0x4000 for bank 2 */
+ mtdcr ocmplb3cr2,r3 /* Set PLB Access */
+ isync
+
+ lis r3,CFG_OCM_DATA_ADDR@h /* OCM location */
+ ori r3,r3,CFG_OCM_DATA_ADDR@l
+ ori r3,r3,0x0270 /* 16K for Bank 1, R/W/Enable */
+ mtdcr ocmdscr1, r3 /* Set Data Side */
+ mtdcr ocmiscr1, r3 /* Set Instruction Side */
+ ori r3,r3,0x4000 /* Add 0x4000 for bank 2 */
+ mtdcr ocmdscr2, r3 /* Set Data Side */
+ mtdcr ocmiscr2, r3 /* Set Instruction Side */
+ addis r3,0,0x0800 /* OCM Data Parity Disable - 1 Wait State */
+ mtdcr ocmdsisdpc,r4
+
+ isync
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_NAND_SPL)
+ /*
+ * 405EZ can boot from NAND Flash.
+ * If we are booting the SPL (Pre-loader), copy code from
+ * the mapped 4K NAND Flash to the OCM
+ */
+ li r4,(CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_SIZE >> 2) - 1
+ mtctr r4
+ lis r2,CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_SRC@h
+ ori r2,r2,CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_SRC@l
+ lis r3,CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_DST@h
+ ori r3,r3,CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_DST@l
+spl_loop:
+ lwzu r4,4(r2)
+ stwu r4,4(r3)
+ bdnz spl_loop
+
+ /*
+ * Jump to code in OCM Ram
+ */
+ bl 00f
+00: mflr r10
+ lis r3,(CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_SRC - CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_DST)@h
+ ori r3,r3,(CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_SRC - CFG_NAND_BOOT_SPL_DST)@l
+ sub r10,r10,r3
+ addi r10,r10,28
+ mtlr r10
+ blr
+start_ram:
+ sync
+ isync
+#endif
+#else
+/* ...test-only */
/********************************************************************
* Setup OCM - On Chip Memory
*******************************************************************/
@@ -774,6 +840,7 @@
addis r4, 0, 0xC000 /* OCM data area enabled */
mtdcr ocmdscntl, r4
isync
+#endif /* CONFIG_405EZ */
#endif
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/usb_ohci.c b/cpu/ppc4xx/usb_ohci.c
index ab852c5..c71a6a9 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/usb_ohci.c
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/usb_ohci.c
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
#define m16_swap(x) swap_16(x)
#define m32_swap(x) swap_32(x)
-#if defined(CONFIG_440EP) || defined(CONFIG_440EPX)
+#if defined(CONFIG_405EZ) || defined(CONFIG_440EP) || defined(CONFIG_440EPX)
#define ohci_cpu_to_le16(x) (x)
#define ohci_cpu_to_le32(x) (x)
#else
@@ -1601,7 +1601,7 @@
gohci.irq = -1;
#if defined(CONFIG_440EP)
gohci.regs = (struct ohci_regs *)(CFG_PERIPHERAL_BASE | 0x1000);
-#elif defined(CONFIG_440EPX)
+#elif defined(CONFIG_440EPX) || defined(CFG_USB_HOST)
gohci.regs = (struct ohci_regs *)(CFG_USB_HOST);
#endif
@@ -1625,8 +1625,10 @@
ohci_inited = 1;
urb_finished = 1;
+#if defined(CONFIG_440EP) || defined(CONFIG_440EPX)
/* init the device driver */
usb_dev_init();
+#endif
return 0;
}
diff --git a/cpu/ppc4xx/vecnum.h b/cpu/ppc4xx/vecnum.h
index 685d48b..bddf9e5 100644
--- a/cpu/ppc4xx/vecnum.h
+++ b/cpu/ppc4xx/vecnum.h
@@ -231,6 +231,47 @@
#else /* !defined(CONFIG_440) */
+#if defined(CONFIG_405EZ)
+#define VECNUM_D0 0 /* DMA channel 0 */
+#define VECNUM_D1 1 /* DMA channel 1 */
+#define VECNUM_D2 2 /* DMA channel 2 */
+#define VECNUM_D3 3 /* DMA channel 3 */
+#define VECNUM_1588 4 /* IEEE 1588 network synchronization */
+#define VECNUM_U0 5 /* UART0 */
+#define VECNUM_U1 6 /* UART1 */
+#define VECNUM_CAN0 7 /* CAN 0 */
+#define VECNUM_CAN1 8 /* CAN 1 */
+#define VECNUM_SPI 9 /* SPI */
+#define VECNUM_IIC0 10 /* I2C */
+#define VECNUM_CHT0 11 /* Chameleon timer high pri interrupt */
+#define VECNUM_CHT1 12 /* Chameleon timer high pri interrupt */
+#define VECNUM_USBH1 13 /* USB Host 1 */
+#define VECNUM_USBH2 14 /* USB Host 2 */
+#define VECNUM_USBDEV 15 /* USB Device */
+#define VECNUM_ETH0 16 /* 10/100 Ethernet interrupt status */
+#define VECNUM_EWU0 17 /* Ethernet wakeup sequence detected */
+
+#define VECNUM_MADMAL 18 /* Logical OR of following MadMAL int */
+#define VECNUM_MS 18 /* MAL_SERR_INT */
+#define VECNUM_TXDE 18 /* MAL_TXDE_INT */
+#define VECNUM_RXDE 18 /* MAL_RXDE_INT */
+
+#define VECNUM_MTE 19 /* MAL TXEOB */
+#define VECNUM_MTE1 20 /* MAL TXEOB1 */
+#define VECNUM_MRE 21 /* MAL RXEOB */
+#define VECNUM_NAND 22 /* NAND Flash controller */
+#define VECNUM_ADC 23 /* ADC */
+#define VECNUM_DAC 24 /* DAC */
+#define VECNUM_OPB2PLB 25 /* OPB to PLB bridge interrupt */
+#define VECNUM_RESERVED0 26 /* Reserved */
+#define VECNUM_EIR0 27 /* External interrupt 0 */
+#define VECNUM_EIR1 28 /* External interrupt 1 */
+#define VECNUM_EIR2 29 /* External interrupt 2 */
+#define VECNUM_EIR3 30 /* External interrupt 3 */
+#define VECNUM_EIR4 31 /* External interrupt 4 */
+
+#else /* !CONFIG_405EZ */
+
#define VECNUM_U0 0 /* UART0 */
#define VECNUM_U1 1 /* UART1 */
#define VECNUM_D0 5 /* DMA channel 0 */
@@ -251,6 +292,7 @@
#define VECNUM_EIR4 29 /* External interrupt 4 */
#define VECNUM_EIR5 30 /* External interrupt 5 */
#define VECNUM_EIR6 31 /* External interrupt 6 */
+#endif /* defined(CONFIG_405EZ) */
#endif /* defined(CONFIG_440) */