Introduce new exception handling framework

This patch introduces the reworked exception handling logic which lays
the foundation for accessing runtime services in later patches. The
type of an exception has a greater say in the way it is
handled. SP_EL3 is used as the stack pointer for:

1. Determining the type of exception and handling the unexpected ones
   on the exception stack

2. Saving and restoring the essential general purpose and system
   register state after exception entry and prior to exception exit.

SP_EL0 is used as the stack pointer for handling runtime service
requests e.g. SMCs. A new structure for preserving general purpose
register state has been added to the 'cpu_context' structure. All
assembler ensures that it does not use callee saved registers
(x19-x29). The C runtime preserves them across functions calls. Hence
EL3 code does not have to save and restore them explicitly.

Since the exception handling framework has undergone substantial change,
the changes have been kept in separate files to aid readability. These
files will replace the existing ones in subsequent patches.

Change-Id: Ice418686592990ff7a4260771e8d6676e6c8c5ef
diff --git a/include/context.h b/include/context.h
index 615f4f4..1c1a3a2 100644
--- a/include/context.h
+++ b/include/context.h
@@ -35,13 +35,42 @@
 #include <arch.h>
 
 /*******************************************************************************
+ * Constants that allow assembler code to access members of and the 'gp_regs'
+ * structure at their correct offsets.
+ ******************************************************************************/
+#define CTX_GPREGS_OFFSET	0x0
+#define CTX_GPREG_X0		0x0
+#define CTX_GPREG_X1		0x8
+#define CTX_GPREG_X2		0x10
+#define CTX_GPREG_X3		0x18
+#define CTX_GPREG_X4		0x20
+#define CTX_GPREG_X5		0x28
+#define CTX_GPREG_X6		0x30
+#define CTX_GPREG_X7		0x38
+#define CTX_GPREG_X8		0x40
+#define CTX_GPREG_X9		0x48
+#define CTX_GPREG_X10		0x50
+#define CTX_GPREG_X11		0x58
+#define CTX_GPREG_X12		0x60
+#define CTX_GPREG_X13		0x68
+#define CTX_GPREG_X14		0x70
+#define CTX_GPREG_X15		0x78
+#define CTX_GPREG_X16		0x80
+#define CTX_GPREG_X17		0x88
+#define CTX_GPREG_X18		0x90
+#define CTX_GPREG_SP_EL0	0x98
+#define CTX_GPREG_LR		0xa0
+/* Unused space to allow registers to be stored as pairs */
+#define CTX_GPREGS_END		0xb0
+
+/*******************************************************************************
  * Constants that allow assembler code to access members of and the 'el3_state'
  * structure at their correct offsets. Note that some of the registers are only
  * 32-bits wide but are stored as 64-bit values for convenience
  ******************************************************************************/
-#define CTX_EL3STATE_OFFSET	0x0
-#define CTX_SAVED_SP_EL3	0x0
-#define CTX_SAVED_SP_EL0	0x8
+#define CTX_EL3STATE_OFFSET	(CTX_GPREGS_OFFSET + CTX_GPREGS_END)
+#define CTX_EXCEPTION_SP	0x0
+#define CTX_RUNTIME_SP		0x8
 #define CTX_SPSR_EL3		0x10
 #define CTX_ELR_EL3		0x18
 #define CTX_SCR_EL3		0x20
@@ -153,11 +182,20 @@
 	}  __aligned(16) name
 
 /* Constants to determine the size of individual context structures */
+#define CTX_GPREG_ALL		(CTX_GPREGS_END >> DWORD_SHIFT)
 #define CTX_SYSREG_ALL		(CTX_SYSREGS_END >> DWORD_SHIFT)
 #define CTX_FPREG_ALL		(CTX_FPREGS_END >> DWORD_SHIFT)
 #define CTX_EL3STATE_ALL	(CTX_EL3STATE_END >> DWORD_SHIFT)
 
 /*
+ * AArch64 general purpose register context structure. Only x0-x18, lr
+ * are saved as the compiler is expected to preserve the remaining
+ * callee saved registers if used by the C runtime and the assembler
+ * does not touch the remaining.
+ */
+DEFINE_REG_STRUCT(gp_regs_next, CTX_GPREG_ALL);
+
+/*
  * AArch64 EL1 system register context structure for preserving the
  * architectural state during switches from one security state to
  * another in EL1.
@@ -195,6 +233,7 @@
  * correspond to either the secure or the non-secure state.
  */
 typedef struct {
+	gp_regs_next gpregs_ctx;
 	el3_state el3state_ctx;
 	el1_sys_regs sysregs_ctx;
 	fp_regs fpregs_ctx;
@@ -204,12 +243,15 @@
 #define get_el3state_ctx(h)	(&((cpu_context *) h)->el3state_ctx)
 #define get_fpregs_ctx(h)	(&((cpu_context *) h)->fpregs_ctx)
 #define get_sysregs_ctx(h)	(&((cpu_context *) h)->sysregs_ctx)
+#define get_gpregs_ctx(h)	(&((cpu_context *) h)->gpregs_ctx)
 
 /*
  * Compile time assertions related to the 'cpu_context' structure to
  * ensure that the assembler and the compiler view of the offsets of
  * the structure members is the same.
  */
+CASSERT(CTX_GPREGS_OFFSET == __builtin_offsetof(cpu_context, gpregs_ctx), \
+	assert_core_context_gp_offset_mismatch);
 CASSERT(CTX_SYSREGS_OFFSET == __builtin_offsetof(cpu_context, sysregs_ctx), \
 	assert_core_context_sys_offset_mismatch);
 CASSERT(CTX_FPREGS_OFFSET == __builtin_offsetof(cpu_context, fpregs_ctx), \
@@ -229,6 +271,7 @@
 
 #undef CTX_SYSREG_ALL
 #undef CTX_FP_ALL
+#undef CTX_GPREG_ALL
 #undef CTX_EL3STATE_ALL
 
 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */